勞動力市場分割、職業流動與城市勞動者經濟地位獲得的二元路徑模式
吳愈曉
《中國社會科學》2011年第1期
2011-01-25
中文摘要：
使用“2009年中國社會網絡與職業經歷調查”廣州、上海、廈門、濟南和西安5城市數據，檢驗了改革以后影響中國城市勞動者職業流動模式以及經濟地位獲得的因素。研究結果表明，高學歷勞動者與低學歷勞動者群體處于兩個分割的勞動力市場中，他們的經濟地位獲得路徑完全不同。對于低學歷勞動者，職業流動是提升他們收入水平的最重要因素，而人力資本因素（受教育年限和工作經驗）對他們的收入沒有影響。高學歷勞動者的情況剛好相反，職業流動對收入獲得沒有任何作用，影響他們收入分層的最重要因素是人力資本。本研究揭示了轉型期中國城市地區不同勞動力市場勞動者經濟地位獲得的二元路徑模式。 （《中國社會科學》2011年第1期）
英文摘要：
Using data from the “Survey of Social Networks and Occupational Experience in Chinese Cities in 2009” on five cities (Guangzhou, Shanghai, Xiamen, Jinan and Xian), this paper examines factors influencing Chinese urban workers patterns of job mobility and acquisition of economic status in the postreform era. The results show that workers with more or less education are in different parts of a segmented labor market and have completely different paths to economic status acquisition. For poorly educated workers, job mobility is one of the most important factors in improving their income; human capital variables (years of schooling and work experience) have no effect on income. By contrast, job mobility has no effect on the income of highlyeducated workers, whose income stratification is most affected by human capital. This research reveals the twotrack model of the urban workers acquisition of economic status in different labor markets in transitional China.
使用“2009年中國社會網絡與職業經歷調查”廣州、上海、廈門、濟南和西安5城市數據，檢驗了改革以后影響中國城市勞動者職業流動模式以及經濟地位獲得的因素。研究結果表明，高學歷勞動者與低學歷勞動者群體處于兩個分割的勞動力市場中，他們的經濟地位獲得路徑完全不同。對于低學歷勞動者，職業流動是提升他們收入水平的最重要因素，而人力資本因素（受教育年限和工作經驗）對他們的收入沒有影響。高學歷勞動者的情況剛好相反，職業流動對收入獲得沒有任何作用，影響他們收入分層的最重要因素是人力資本。本研究揭示了轉型期中國城市地區不同勞動力市場勞動者經濟地位獲得的二元路徑模式。 （《中國社會科學》2011年第1期）
英文摘要：
Using data from the “Survey of Social Networks and Occupational Experience in Chinese Cities in 2009” on five cities (Guangzhou, Shanghai, Xiamen, Jinan and Xian), this paper examines factors influencing Chinese urban workers patterns of job mobility and acquisition of economic status in the postreform era. The results show that workers with more or less education are in different parts of a segmented labor market and have completely different paths to economic status acquisition. For poorly educated workers, job mobility is one of the most important factors in improving their income; human capital variables (years of schooling and work experience) have no effect on income. By contrast, job mobility has no effect on the income of highlyeducated workers, whose income stratification is most affected by human capital. This research reveals the twotrack model of the urban workers acquisition of economic status in different labor markets in transitional China.